Zpravodaj Hnědé uhlí 2016, 56(1)
Genesis of anthropogenic substrates on mining dumps as the basis for the creation of a forestry reclamation typology
A detailed study of the pedogenetical processes of anthropogenic substrates on the mining dumps in the area of Sokolov brown coal basin constitutes an essential precondition for the determination of the type of reclamation (agricultural, forestry, water, other - forest parks, pheasantry, golf courses, car racetracks, recreation areas, etc.) on anthropogenic soil substrates. Genetic processes of anthropogenic substrates (profiles) are influenced by the geological petrographical composition, the degree of weathering and last but not least the choice of vegetation (forest, agricultural cultures, fruit orchards, pheasantry, recreation area). The great advantage for the generalization of the process of anthropogenic forest soil genesis in the area of Sokolov basin became the oldest forestry planting in the CR (spoil dump William - 1929-34, Bohemia - 1928-32). Additional detailed research of genetic changes of anthropogenic substrates was conducted on a wide range of younger dumps with agricultural, primarily forestry reclamation (dumps Dukla, Gustav, Velká Loketská, Velký Riesel, and mainly large spoil dump Antonín, a unique forestry reclamation arboretum in the Czech Republic and in the world, consisiting of 224 species of trees). The present paper provides genuine results of soil genesis, starting with protoprofiles (0-20 years old), mesoprofiles (20-40 years) and teloprofiles (40 and more years). The generalized results of the pedogenetical processes on dump sites have been studied with respect to the geological, pedological, hydropedological and vegetation coonditions, including the development of microbiology. The results of the above mentioned studies enabled to define the methodology for agricultural, forestry, hydrological (hydric) and other reclamation. In addition these researches enable to create classification of potential fertility of individual types of extracted overburden above coal seams and ores.
Keywords: genesis, anthropogenic substrate, spoil dump, reclamation, typology of recultivation
Published: March 1, 2016 Show citation