Zpravodaj Hnědé uhlí 2023, 63(1):3-15

Extrakce Ti a Ga z vedlejších energetických produktů sdruženou chloridační-cementářskou metodou

Ing. Tomáš Frýdl, Ing. Hong Nguyen Vu, Ph.D.

Celosvětově je spalováním uhlí každý rok vyprodukováno přibližně 1 200 Mt vedlejších energetických produktů (VEP). V současnosti jsou považovány za odpadní materiály a jsou často deponovány, což vede k mnoha ekologickým problémům. Vedle dominantní alumo-silikátové matrice obsahují relativně vysoká množství kovů vzácných zemin (REE) a ostatních zájmových kovů, proto je o nich stále častěji uvažováno jako o materiálu použitelném ve stavebnictví a jako o zdroji zájmových kovů. Potenciální spojení obou směrů zpracování VEP-ů přináší prakticky bezodpadová sdružená pražná metoda spočívající v tepelném zpracování směsi VEP, CaCO3 a CaCl2. Touto metodou jsou v jednom kroku získávány zájmové prvky ve formě příslušných chloridů a ze zbytkového materiálu je získáván cementářský produkt. V tomto článku jsou popsány závislosti nejdůležitějších pražných parametrů na stupeň vytěkání Ti a Ga ve formě chloridů. Optimalizací pražných podmínek bylo dosaženo stupně vytěkání Ti téměř 56 % a Ga kolem 100 %.

Keywords: popílky, VEP, chloridace, titan, germanium

Extraction of Ti and Ga from Coal Combustion by-products by combined chlorination-cement method

Globally, around 1 200 Mt of coal combustion by-products (CCBs) are produced by burning coal each year. They are currently considered as waste materials and are often landfilled, leading to many environmental problems. In addition to the dominant alumo-silicate matrix, they contain relatively high amounts of rare earth elements (REE) and other valuable metals, which is why they are increasingly thought of as a material for use in construction industry and as a source of valuable metals. A potentially waste-free combined roasting method, consisting of heat treatment of a mixture of CCBs, CaCO3 and CaCl2, provides a potential link between the two directions of CCBs processing. In one step, this method produces valuable elements in the form of the respective chlorides, and a cement product is obtained from the residual material. In this article, the dependence of the most important roasting parameters on the degree of extraction of Ti and Ga in the form of chlorides is described. Optimising the roasting conditions has achieved the degree of extraction of Ti nearly 56 % and Ga around 100 %.

Keywords: fly ash, CCBs, chlorination, titanium, germanium

Published: March 1, 2023  Show citation

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Frýdl, T., & Vu, H.N. (2023). Extraction of Ti and Ga from Coal Combustion by-products by combined chlorination-cement method. Zpravodaj Hnědé uhlí, 63(1), 3-15
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