Brown Coal Bulletin, 2009 (vol. 49), issue 4
Emissions of fine particles during brown coal combustion in small furnaces for heating households
Ing. Jiří Horák, Ph.D., Ing. Michal Branc, Ing. Helena Hnilicová
Zpravodaj Hnědé uhlí 2009, 49(4)
Household furnaces combusting solid fuels have been considered distinctive producers of solid pollutants (TSP). In 2005 ca 35 % of all dust emissions PM10 (in Czech Repulic) came from household heating. But the combustion facilities of small output cannot be considered identical sources of pollution as they can work on different combustion principles and thus have outstandingly different emission factors. The article presents the results of experimental determination of solid pollutants emissions including the overall TSP division to PM10 and PM2,5 fractions for four basic types of furnaces for brown coal combustion.
The challenge of wall pressures in aerating bulk material containers
Ing. Robert Brázda, Ph.D.
Zpravodaj Hnědé uhlí 2009, 49(4)
While operating bulk material containers the operator often meets various flow failures. This is a question of failures in flow and arch continuity, sticking or dead zones of bulk material in the bulk material containers. Using aerating systems of bulk material containers is one of the efficient methods used to eliminate the above stated failures. The article submits the study of the impact of aerating systems on wall pressures, σW, of bulk material in a container in the controlled process of bulk material aerating and relaxation; and analyses the results with the calculated standards focused on the bulk material containers construction, the...
Forest reclamation of Želénka porcellanites
Ing. Petr Čermák, CSc., Vratislav Ondráček
Zpravodaj Hnědé uhlí 2009, 49(4)
The territory that was disturbed in the course of mining activities by the extraction of burnt clays (porcellanites) represents a relatively limited variant of the formation of Anthroposols for forestry purposes in the North Bohemian Brown Coal Basin. The evaluation of the development of soil properties and growth vitality of forest tree species that was conducted at this site covers the area of the former quarry of porcellanites in Želénky, 39 ha in size, that was reclaimed by fertilizable soils and tree species from man-made planting (Fraxinus excelsior L., Acer pseudoplatanus L., Larix decidua L., Quercus robur L., Tilia cordata Mill., Alnus glutinosa...
Emission factors of pollutants from brown coal combustion in combustion furnaces of small outputs
Ing. Jiří Horák, Ph.D., Ing. František Hopan, Ing. Kamil Krpec, Ing. Milan Dej, Ph.D., Ing. Michal Šyc, Ph.D.
Zpravodaj Hnědé uhlí 2009, 49(4)
Brown coal used to be burned in various types of combustion facilities representing four basic designs of hot water boilers (from the cheapest and simplest up to the most advanced ones). Regarding basic quality indicators of the combustion process (CO and TOC), they found out that emission factors values were an order of two lower for advanced combustion facilities than at the older design facilities (e.g. for CO from the values of ca 100 g/kg to the values of ca 2 g/kg). The same trend has been monitored for PAU (from the values of ca 50 g/kg to ca 0,3 g/kg). The defined emission factors I-TEQ PCDD/F were lower at the advanced boilers than the older...
Use of by-products and overburden from coal mining and its potential contribution to peat bogs protection
Ing. Soňa Hykyšová
Zpravodaj Hnědé uhlí 2009, 49(4)
The paper deals with the possible use of overburden created by coal, ore and industrial minerals exploitation as an alternative substrate, replacing peat used for planting horse mushrooms and other types of mushrooms. The article introduces the research of a British scientist team from the University of Warwick which considers the replacement of peat with various waste products. The information about this type of waste use was extended in the review of other waste products used as peat in the garden substrates. It also summarize the view on planting horse mushrooms in the Czech Republic and the world and a contribution of alternative substrates replacing...
European and national money for Czech research
Ing. Alena Miletičová
Zpravodaj Hnědé uhlí 2009, 49(4)
It is a brief overview of up-to-date programmes to support research, development and innovations from the public funds of the European Union and the Czech Republic.
Clearance of a main horizontal working of the Jezerka tunnel with a combined method of low-pressure and hydraulic filling
Ing. Jiří Varady, Ing. Petr Čmejrek, Ph.D.
Zpravodaj Hnědé uhlí 2009, 49(4)
The paper deals with the history, reasons of implementation and follow-up clearance of the Jezerka tunnel. It was tunnelled to monitor potential movements of the side slopes of the Krušné Hory Mountains due to their denudation caused by opencast brown coal mining at the Československé armády mine. This monitoring was carried out over a period of ca. 20 years. As mining operations had ceased in the areas monitored it was decided to clear this main working. The clearance was performed by filling the initial part of the tunnel with a combined method of low-pressure and hydraulic filling with power plant ash. The article describes the procedure used for...
Applications using the system for calculating position of an excavator wheel at Severočeské doly a.s.
Ing. Dana Sládková, Ph.D., Ing. Martin Vrubel, Ph.D.
Zpravodaj Hnědé uhlí 2009, 49(4)
They have been verifying the use of GPS receivers and other measurement instruments to define spatial position of a wheel axis centre at Severočeské doly a.s. The position of the excavator and important data are shown on the computer screen in real time in a simplified form. The article describes the applications using the knowledge of spatial wheel axis centre positions.